Paper I visual guide · Visual 8 of 22 · OPERATOR COORDINATES / MULTIPLICATION AS A SUM

A transfer block has an input and an output

Main text: Theorem 8.2, Theorem 8.3, and Corollary 8.4

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Original plate in the monograph PDF · Original atlas source

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Use the three coordinate packets of dimension one in \({\mathbb Q}^3\). The block \(T_{ij}=P_iTP_j\) sends input packet \(j\) into output packet \(i\). For this example, its nonzero scalar is the \((i,j)\) matrix entry.

An operator and its exact square
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Reading the drawing

Two matrices show T and T squared. Rows are outputs and columns are inputs; each entry of the square sums over intermediate packet indices.

Drawing labels and data 23 labels

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\(T\)
RowColumn 1Column 2Column 3
Row 1\(1\)\(2\)\(0\)
Row 2\(0\)\(1\)\(3\)
Row 3\(4\)\(0\)\(1\)
\(T^2\)
RowColumn 1Column 2Column 3
Row 1\(1\)\(4\)\(6\)
Row 2\(12\)\(1\)\(6\)
Row 3\(8\)\(8\)\(1\)
  • \(T\cdot T\)
  • input column; output row
  • sum over intermediate packets

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Evidence note from the source edition

All displayed entries are exact integers. The square is computed from the operator, not from a thresholded graph or a matrix of block norms.

Reconstruction retains every block

The identity \(P_1+P_2+P_3=I\) gives

\[ T=\sum_{i,j=1}^3 P_iTP_j. \]

Selecting only the diagonal would change the operator. The entries \(2,3,4\) carry transfers between different packets.

Composition sums over intermediate packets

The \((1,2)\) entry of the square has two contributing routes:

\[ (T^2)_{12}=T_{11}T_{12}+T_{12}T_{22}+T_{13}T_{32} =1\cdot2+2\cdot1+0=4. \]

For input \(3\) and output \(1\), only the route through packet \(2\) survives:

\[ (T^2)_{13}=T_{12}T_{23}=2\cdot3=6. \]

For packets of higher dimension, the same law uses actual linear maps as entries. The order of their composition still matters.

Read this as

An edge says a block is nonzero. The block itself carries the coefficient, sign, rank and action. A transfer graph alone does not retain those data.

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The original atlas wording, equations, and drawing labels are retained. Drawings are views of the retained monograph PDF. Text descriptions and table headings are added reading aids. This conversion does not rebuild TeX, rerun the examples, audit proofs or compile Lean.

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Notation in Paper I

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