Paper XI visual guide · Visual 11 of 47 · PART I / FINITE TAME COORDINATES

Finite Gauss phases are unit scalars

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For a nontrivial additive character \(\psi\) of \({\mathbb F}_q\) and a nontrivial multiplicative character \(\chi\) of \({\mathbb F}_q^\times\), define

\[ G(\chi,\psi)=\sum_{x\in{\mathbb F}_q^\times}\chi(x)\psi(x),\qquad \gamma(\chi,\psi)=q^{-1/2}G(\chi,\psi). \]

The exact identities are

\[ |G(\chi,\psi)|^2=q,\qquad \gamma(\chi,\psi)\gamma(\chi^{-1},\psi)=\chi(-1). \]

The magnitude calculation substitutes \(x=ty\) in the double sum. The inner sum is \(q-1\) for \(t=1\) and \(-1\) otherwise; multiplicative-character orthogonality supplies the result.

The normalized scalar therefore lies on the unit circle. Its value depends on the declared additive character and lifting normalization. Finite Gauss phases capture a residue-field part of normalization.

Scope

A full wild local factor also contains ramification depth, additive-character conductor, measure normalization, and pair interaction data. One finite phase is not that full factor.

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